Interleukin-6 (−174G>C and −572G>C) Gene Promoter Polymorphisms, C-Reactive Protein and Glycated Haemoglobin as Predictor of Risk of Type II Diabetes Mellitus in Obese and Non Obese Subject
Oyekale Adesole.O1*, Ayelagbe Olubunmi.G1, Ojurongbe Olusola2, Akeem Akindele. A3, Samuel Adedokun. A3
1Department of Chemical Pathology, 2Department of Medical microbiology and parasitology, 3Department of Community Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
*Correspondence: Oyekale, Adesola Oyekunle
E-mail: aooyekale@pgschool.lautech.edu.ng
Background: Type 2 diabetes occur through the development of obesity related insulin resistance; more than forty percent of diabetes burden is attributable to obesity. Environmental risk factors attributed to the global increase in obesity include genetic predisposition, in Nigeria the prevalence of obesity and diabetes ranges from 3% and 22.2%, respectively. Obesity increases the risk of developing not only type 2 diabetes but also cardiovascular disease, stroke, osteoarthritis and some forms of cancers. Type 2 diabetes is associated with low-grade chronic inflammation resulting in part from the activation of the innate immune system. This activation leads to the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-6, Nigeria is expected to be among worst hit by the epidemic with an anticipated 170% increase by 2020 in its prevalence. The aim of the propose study is to assess the association between Interleukin-6 (−174G>C and −572G>C) gene promoter polymorphisms, Interleukin-6 protein expression, C-Reactive Protein and Glycated Haemoglobin as Predictor of Risk of Type II Diabetes Mellitus in Obese and Non Obese Subject with the view to determine differences in the distribution of genetic and environmental risk factors that may be associated with the disorders.
Methodology: This structural proposed study is expected to span 2 years (2018-2020), cross-sectional sampling survey will be adopted in selection of 300 subjects aged between 20 and 60 years that fulfill inclusion criteria. The study has been approved by the Ethical Committee of state specialist Hospital Asubiaro Osun state, Nigeria. Five mls of fasting blood samples will be collected into a EDTA bottle to obtain sample for IL-6 geneno typing and glycated haemoglobin, and plain bottle, for the determination of lipid profile and inflammatory markers of compliment reactive protein, informed consent will be obtain from all subjects.
Methodology: Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assays will be used to determine IL-6 gene polymorphisms, Amplification will be performed on an automated Thermal Cycler (Techne Flexigene, Cambridge, UK). Statistical analysis will be done using IBM Statistical Package for the Science Solution (SPSS) version 21.0 software package and graph pad prism 5.0 to determine the means, standard deviation, correlations and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) will be employ to determine variance among study groups.
