[BAD] EK9 - Abstracts

Attitudes, practices and knowledge of Macedonian primary health care physicians and pediatricians regarding Buteyko breathing technique as complementary method of asthma treatment

Authors:
1. Adrijana Ugrinoska Pandeva - Department for chronic respiratory diseases in children above 3 years, Institute for respiratory diseases in children Kozle, Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
2. Aneta Lazarova - Primary, preventive and dental care centre " Gazi Baba, Public Health institute - Health Center Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia

Background: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by an obstruction of airflow which results in difficulty in breathing. Asthma affects 5-10% of the population. In adition to pharmacologic management many patients use complementary therapies. The Buteyko Breathing Technique (BBT) is distinctive breathing therapy that uses control breath and breath-holding exercises.

Aim: of this study is to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes and practices of primary health care physicians and pediatricians regarding Buteyko breathing technique as complementary method of asthma treatment.

Methods : The survey was conducted in September - October 2020 with the distribution of an anonymous survey questionnaire electronically in the form of Google document to 74 primary care physicians and pediatricians who work in various inpatient and outpatient units.  

Results : 42 respondents answered the questionnaire. The largest percentage of respondents are aged 36-45 y with 10-25 years of work experience. 78,6% work with patients with chronic respiratory diseases. 38,1% of patients use alternative medicine for asthma management, mostly homeopathy, yoga and phytothetapy.  Approximately half of physicians recommend a breathing technique most often yoga breathing. 21,4% of doctors know about Buteyko breathing technique and 7,1% practice that technique. Education for BBT was welcomed by most physicians ( 95,2%).

Conclusions : Macedonian primary health care physicians and pediatrician are familiar with some alternative therapies and breathing technique for relieving asthma symptoms, but only a few now about Buteyko breathing method.  There are educational needs for  Buteyko breathing technique in clinical practice.

ABSTRACT/PRESENTATION TITLE: THE ASTHMA NEW DISCOVERIES AND THERAPIES IN THE AGE OF COVID IN GHANA
CREDENTIALS: B.A /BSC MANAGEMENT /SOCIOLOGY/ACCOUNTING/PSYCHOLOGY
PRIMARY INSTITUTION: Global Sustainable Development Program NGO Ghana
Global Sustainable Development Program NGO Ghana .CO APPLICANTS: 1. Ahamed Iddrisu ahamed1958@hotmail.com male 2. Nawaratu Iddrisu nawaratuiddrisu@gmail.com Female 3. Hamidatu Iddrisu dobia1958@yahoo.co.uk Female.

ABSTRACT BODY
 THE Asthma: New Discoveries and Therapies in the Age of COVID; The topic is timely and urgent given the recent mechanistic insights into inflammatory airway disease, the current maturation of new biological therapies for this type of disease, and the overlap of this information with progressive lung disease after respiratory viral infections, including COVID-19. A new coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; SARS-CoV-2) there are still no specific treatments or effective vaccines for coronavirus. Asthma was identified in 10.5% of all of the patients 13.5% in patients aged.
 Asthma: New Discoveries and Therapies.Moreover, this disease spectrum overlaps with inflammatory lung disease driven by respiratory viral infection, including COVID-19. Outcomes and Laboratory and Clinical Findings of Individual susceptibility and clinical outcome of Covid-19 are Outcomes and Laboratory and Clinical Findings of Asthma and Allergic Patients Admitted with Covid-19. This new pathogen was identified as an enveloped RNA.. Since all these drug therapies could be related to age.
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Aug. 14, 2020 — Children with autism born to mothers who had immune conditions during their pregnancy are more likely to have behavioral and PRIMARY INSTITUTION: Ministry of Health/Ghana Health Service/ Global Sustainable Development Program NGO Ghana
Global Sustainable Development Program NGO Ghana .CO APPLICANTS: 1. Ahamed Iddrisu ahamed1958@hotmail.com male 2. Nawaratu Iddrisu nawaratuiddrisu@gmail.com Female 3. Hamidatu Iddrisu dobia1958@yahoo.co.uk Female.   emotional problems, a new study has found. Offspring sex may also interact 

Blimp-1 is essential for allergen-induced asthma and Th2 cell development in the lung

Kun He1,2,5, Angela Hettinga1,2,5, Sagar Laxman Kale2,3, Sanmei Hu2,3, Markus M. Xie4, Alexander L. Dent4, Anuradha Ray2,3 and Amanda C. Poholek1,2 *

1Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.; 2Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.; 3Department of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA, 15213, USA.; 4Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202 USA.; 5These authors contributed equally: Kun He, Angela Hettinga
*Correspondence: poholeka@pitt.edu

A Th2 immune response is central to allergic airway inflammation, which afflicts millions worldwide. However, the mechanisms that augment GATA3 expression in an antigen-primed developing Th2 cell are not well understood. Here, we describe an unexpected role for Blimp-1, a transcriptional repressor that constrains autoimmunity, as an upstream promoter of GATA3 expression that is critical for Th2 cell development in the lung but is dispensable for TFH function and IgE production. Mechanistically, Blimp-1 acts through Bcl6, leading to increased GATA3 expression in lung Th2 cells. Using a murine model of house dust mite-mediated allergic asthma, we found Blimp-1 was required for inhaled but not systemically delivered allergens, suggesting a tissue-specific function for Blimp-1 to promote Th2 cells. Surprisingly, the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, but not the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 or IL-21, is required via STAT3 activation to upregulate Blimp-1 and promote Th2 cell development. These data reveal an unappreciated role for an IL-10-STAT3-Blimp-1 circuit as an initiator of an inflammatory Th2 response in the lung to allergens. Thus, Blimp-1 in a context-dependent fashion can drive inflammation by promoting rather than terminating effector T cell responses.

Inhibitory effects of lysophosphatidic acid on human lung mast cell function

Authors and Affiliations: 
Emeribe, A.U. 1, Peachell, P. 2, Kay, L. 2 1 Department of Medical Laboratory Science, University of Calabar,
Calabar-Nigeria.                       
2 Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield-United Kingdom

Background: Pulmonary fibrosis is an abnormal lung condition characterized by an inability to maintain regenerative processes in the lung. Although the pathological mechanisms that lead to lung fibrosis remain unclear, the activation of immune cells is almost certainly key. Recent studies in rodent cells have identified activation of the mast cell by lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) as central to the mediation of fibrosis. We hypothesized that similar processes might be operative in human mast cells so the aim of this study was to determine whether LPA activates human lung mast cells.
Methods: Mast cells were isolated and purified from human lung tissue. Expression of LPA receptor (LPAR) transcripts were evaluated using Taqman probe based qPCR. Mast cell activation was evaluated by monitoring the release of histamine using a spectrofluorometric technique. The effects of anti-IgE, and LPA on histamine release were evaluated.
Results: Data from this study revealed that LPAR1, 2 and 3 were highly expressed, LPAR5 was moderately expressed, while no expression was observed for LPAR4. LPA did not induce mediator release but unexpectedly was an effective inhibitor of anti-IgE-mediated histamine release. LPA inhibited histamine release in a concentration-dependent manner and with an EC50 of ~ 19 nM.
Conclusions and implications: This study demonstrates that human lung mast cells express LPA receptors. Moreover, the data indicate that, rather than activating mast cells, LPA was an effective inhibitor of mast cell secretion which was contrary to expectations. This suggests that targeting the relevant LPAR that mediates inhibition could be a novel mechanism to prevent unwanted mast cell activation.